Platypus Essays - Monotremes, Sleep, Dream, Neurophysiology

Platypus The platypus, clearly, is a shockingly profound sleeper. In addition, it spends a greater amount of its time in alleged 'REM' rest than some other well evolved creature. These are the decisions of an examination on rest in the platypus by Jerry M. Siegel of the Sepulveda Veterans' Affairs Medical Center, North Hills, California and associates. Their report shows up in an uncommon number of Philosophical Exchanges of the Royal Society gave to the science of the platypus (Ornithorhynchus anatinus), praising the bicentenary of the disclosure, in Australia, of this surprising creature. 'REM' means 'quick eye-development' and is the sort of rest in which the cerebrum can be more dynamic than in it is while wakeful, the creature jerks, and the eyelids glint ? henceforth the name. In people, REM rest is related with dreaming. Be that as it may, does the platypus have a remarkably rich dream life? Potentially not, state the specialists: felines, opossums, armadillos and different warm blooded animals not known for their scholarly accomplishments have unmistakably more REM rest, regardless of whether determined in hours of the day or as a level of all out rest time, than people. And why study rest in the platypus at any rate? All things considered, the platypus is a dark and very crude animal, remotely identified with people. The appropriate response lies in that crude state: contemplating the physiology of the platypus could yield pieces of information about the life and conduct of the soonest well evolved creatures. The platypus has a place with a gathering of warm blooded animals with very old roots. Aside from the platypus itself, the gathering ? the monotremes ? incorporates two types of echidna, or 'prickly insect eating animal'. Every one of the three animal categories are kept to Australasia. Monotremes lay eggs, similar to winged animals and reptiles, however in contrast to every single other warm blooded animal. They likewise have a scope of other reptile-like anatomical highlights, includes that have been lost in further developed well evolved creatures. Scientists imagine that monotremes have been unmistakable as a gathering for in any event 80 million years, well before the dinosaurs got wiped out. Monotremes have taken a appearance job in concentrates on the advancement of mammalian cerebrum work. An investigation in 1972 proposed that the echidna Tachyglossus had no REM rest. This was significant, in light of the fact that it suggested that REM rest more likely than not advanced in higher warm blooded animals. Ensuing exploration made this outcome look abnormal, as REM-like rest marvels have since been seen in flying creatures and a few reptiles: in which case, the echidna may have lost the limit some place in its development. This is the problem that Siegel and associates have been exploring. To start with, it turns out that the term 'REM' is a misnomer: creatures may show REM rest despite the fact that their eyes don't move, and their bodies don't jerk. REM is appropriately characterized as a trademark example of action in the mind, created by explicit neuronal pathways in the brainstem ? regardless of whether this action is conveyed advances into the 'higher' focuses of the mind (where it is showed as dreaming). Accounts from prudently embedded cathodes show that the echidna does, all things considered, show a sort of REM rest produced by the brainstem, even despite the fact that it is fairly quieted and the creature gives no outward indications. Youthful creatures show more REM rest than more established ones, and it may be the case that extremely youthful echidnas have a progressively dynamic resting life (counting jerking) than more established ones. The platypus, however, gives all the exemplary outward indications of REM rest. Undoubtedly, an account from as some time in the past as 1860, preceding REM rest was found, detailed that youthful platypus indicated 'swimming' developments of their forepaws while snoozing. In spite of these distinctions, the REM rest of the platypus and the echidna is limited to the brainstem: the forebrain shows the customary, consistent examples of neuronal movement related with profound, dreamless rest. This recommends for all their REM rest, monotremes don't dream. These discoveries set our comprehension of the development of rest on a firmer balance. It presently appears that the 'center' brainstem movement showed as REM rest has amazingly old roots, returning to the reptilian acnestors of warm blooded creatures just as winged animals. The elaboration of REM rest into the forebrain is a later development: however whether it advanced once and monotremes have since lost it, or on the off chance that it developed more than once, is something that solitary more work on winged creatures and reptiles can set up. The platypus, obviously, is a shockingly profound sleeper. In addition, it spends a greater amount of its time in supposed 'REM' rest than some other warm blooded creature. These are the decisions of an investigation on rest in the platypus by Jerry M. Siegel of the Sepulveda Veterans' Affairs Medical Center, North Hills, California and partners. Their report shows up

The Most Famous Wildfire Photograph Ever Taken

The Most Famous Wildfire Photograph Ever Taken Some consider the picture appeared, taken by an attentive wildland fireman, to be one of the most lovely photos of both wildfireâ and natural life taking asylum. The photoâ was taken on August 6,â 2000, by John McColgan who was a fire conduct master working under aâ cooperative concurrence with the Bureau of Land Management (BLM) and appended to an Alaskan Type I Incident Management Team on a Montana wildfire.​ McColgan says he was at the ideal spot with his Kodak DC280 computerized camera when fire conditions and untamed life movement consolidated to make his picture. The pic was spared as simply one more picture record in the new kind of computerized camera.â McColgan completed his work for the BLM and came back to his home in Fairbanks, Alaska. He was unable to be found for quite a long time after one of those photos turned viral and spread rapidly over the Internet.â One of his elk and discharge depictions has quick gotten one of the most downloaded ecological photographs of untamed life and out of control fire on the Internet. Ransack Chaney, aâ reporter for the Montana Missoulianâ suggested that there were numerous reasons this photograph was so incredible. Here are a portion of the remarks reported:â Best darned elk photograph Ive ever seen.Best darned fire photograph Ive ever seen.Best darned photograph, period, Ive ever observed. From the Official Record The well known photograph was taken on a Sunday, in the late night where a few flames consumed together close to Sula, Montana (populace 37) and transformed into one huge 100,000-section of land out of control fire. McColgan coincidentally was remaining on an extension crossing the East Fork of the Bitterroot Riverâ in the Sula Complex of the Bitterroot National Forestâ in the state of Montana where he took what is presently called his elk shower advanced Image. McColgan was utilized by the Alaska Fire administration and was on credit to Montana and going about as a specialist on fierce blaze conduct. McColgan coincidentally was an agreement fire expert with another camera and took computerized pictures of two elk who got away from the fire by swimming in the Bitterroot River. No biggie. As a characteristic asset proficient, McColgan comprehended both out of control fire and wildlife. When got some information about the elk, he guaranteed that they realize where to go, where their sheltered zones are...a parcel of untamed life got driven down there to the waterway. There were some bighorn sheep there. A little deer was standing right underneath me, under the scaffold. McColgan finished his task and left for home. The Search for McColgan The advanced picture he took was sent starting with one individual then onto the next individual and as indicated by the Montana Missoulian inside around 24 hours the elk photograph had around the world webbed its way over the West. For about seven days now, theres been a medium-size manhunt in progress over the West. The man everyones been chasing for is John McColgan of Fairbanks. The Nation and the World were sending messages and making calls for quite a long time to discover exactly who took the pictures of the rapidly spreading fire and untamed life. It was the newspaper Missoulian in Montana who at long last tackled the riddle and followed McColgan down. He had in reality been in Montana and was presently in Fairbanks going to the introduction of his child, where the paper at long last discovered him and where he told columnist Rob Chaney that he had snapped the photo. I coincidentally was in the perfect spot at the privilege time. McColgan affirmed that he had been in fire security forâ yearsâ and that this specific fire positioned in the top threeâ extreme fire behaviorâ events he had ever seen.â Burglarize Chaney because of the photograph composed that numerous individuals have never at any point seen an elk. The majority of the individuals who have, even those whove seen a great many them, never get the opportunity to see a picture this way. The vast majority dont get the chance to see a fire this way, either. On account of McColgan and Rob Chaney, a great many individuals have seen this shocking picture. McColgans picture circulated around the web and inevitably was picked as a Time Magazine top choice.

How to Choose Argument Essay Topics

How to Choose Argument Essay TopicsArgument essays are written to persuade readers to accept the thesis of the argument. Persuasion and argument essay topics can be quite interesting if you know what you're doing. You can use persuasive speech writing in order to persuade your audience.Persuasion can take many forms. It could be an assertion, a statement, a question, a request, or an invitation. Each of these forms of persuasion can be used in an essay. However, a well-crafted essay will always have a theme or overarching theme that will compel the reader to accept the writer's arguments.Argument essay topics can vary from topic to topic and even argument to argument. These essay topics should be chosen based on what the essay is trying to accomplish. If the essay is trying to argue that the topic or argument in question is important, the topic or argument must be a vital aspect of the argument.Once the argument has been selected, the writer can then begin to construct the thesis sta tement. The thesis statement can be the central point of the essay. This statement will be the driving force for the entire essay.After the thesis statement has been constructed, the essay will then need to be structured in such a way that it can support its thesis statement. The next element of the structure of an argument essay is the supporting argument. This is the supporting material or evidence that helps to bolster the thesis statement.Supporting material will often come in the form of quotations, claims made by the author or by other authors, and opinions of other writers. The amount of supporting material will vary according to the essay topic, the writer's expertise, and the state of the arguments. The supporting argument will not always be the final word on the topic being discussed.Finally, the conclusion must be carefully structured. Once the thesis statement has been established, the writer can then set out to draw conclusions. There is no more powerful single word tha t can influence an audience than the word 'conclusion'.Essay topics should be chosen with care and taken very seriously. It will be important that the writer meets the intended audience. If the essay is to persuade the audience then the essay must contain persuasive and argumentative themes.

Children With Parents From Different Countries May...

Asia Passmore Mr. Nelson DP Lit Jan 6 Barriers Children with parents from different countries may experience conflict within their household based upon barriers. Such as Language barriers and cultural barriers. Especially in this case conflict is happening between mothers and daughters. Women from second and third world countries have a different mindset than women raised in a first world country like America. Like the mothers in Amy Tan’s The Joy Luck Club who were born and raised in china with chinese thinking and chinese ways, unlike their American raised daughters. Cultural conflict and intergenerational conflict is apparent but it is also shown how despite that Tan†¦show more content†¦Jing mei is what most call Americanized being raised in the states she grew up with more opportunities to make her own decisions people influencing her to become what is known as independent. As it goes on she also feels like she is disappointing her mother every day she believes her mom has given up all hope .†Even wo rse, I asked her what frightened me the most why had she given up hope?†(Tan 143). While thinking of the jade pendent her mother gave her Jing Mei recalls the memory of when she realized her mother truly loved, and wanted the best for her it was Chinese New Year after the dinner she had with the other members of Joy Luck. During dinner Jing mei tries to grab the crab with the missing leg for herself she also gets Insulted by Waverly Jong completely embarrassing her in front of everyone at the table. After dinner her mother tries to cheer her up she points out that Jing Mei is different â€Å"Only you pick that crab. Nobody else take it i already know this. Everybody else want best quality. You thinking different. (Tan 208) Jing Mei does not see the best quality, she doesn t see the best quality in the crab, and she never saw it in herself she usually thought of herself as a failure. Suyuan notices this about Jing and she thinks it’s good that she isn t generic like Wa verly. Despite Jing Mei spending most of her childhood blaming her mother for the way she is, Suyuan still loves her and after awhileShow MoreRelatedFamily Violence Is Systems Theory1181 Words   |  5 Pagesbecome patterned behavior† (Sutphin, McDonough, Schrenkel, 2013) Every family member that is within this family are characterized as subsystems. The main sub-systems are parent-parent, parent-child, and child-child. In most cases, what happens in the parent-parent relationship impacts both the parent-child relationship and the child-child relationship. A type of violence that can occur between the parent and parent relationship is domestic violence. Domestic violence refers to â€Å"a pattern of abusive behaviorRead MoreFamily Formation And Structure Of The Nuclear Family1457 Words   |  6 Pagesfamily can greatly differ from another. The ideology of the nuclear family shape clashed with my family’s more extended and traditional family structure, and upon arriv al to the United States from Korea, initially resulted in opaque gendered behavior and thinking along with muddled male and female constructs. As the family’s stay continued, the idea and shape of the nuclear family began to whittle away at my grandparents’ and father’s initial ideals, albeit at a different pace. As a result of my grandparentsRead MoreThe Amish, Society and Culture1535 Words   |  7 Pagesa mother, father with an average of 7 children. Their grandparents play a vital part of the family because once they pass; the children inherit their land, property and wisdom. The father of the family is the bread winner (Providing the family with money, food and shelter). Many Amish men seek jobs in areas such as - Bakery - Furniture shop - Saw Mill - Engine Repair ship - Dry goods store etc. The mother in the family is in charge of running the household; she is in charge of the cooking and theRead MoreMany scholars have written about the particularly intimate connection between food and family1400 Words   |  6 Pagessuccessfully passed down to the younger generations in America. Thus, the connection is implied to be a â€Å"transplanted† cultural trait. However, when viewed in light of the social changes in America, this bond was inevitably affected by the Italians’ experiences in America. Italian-American food culture was a tradition shaped by changes outside and inside the family. An examination of the Italian-American family of the interwar years (c.1919-1940) demonstrates that the critical role food came to play inRead MoreTHEORIES AND BEHAVIOURIAL DYNAMICS ïÆ'Ëœ Autonomy in carrying out a job Talk about any job or any1100 Words   |  5 PagesTHEORIES AND BEHAVIOURIAL DYNAMICS ïÆ'Ëœ Autonomy in carrying out a job Talk about any job or any country, people are always concerned about motivation and they struggle at their workplace. People are often moved by external factors such as reward systems, grades, evaluations, or the opinions they fear others might have of them. Yet just as frequently, people are motivated from within, by interests, curiosity, care or abiding values. It is more of an Autonomous motivation which is personally importantRead MoreDomestic Violence and Children1640 Words   |  7 Pagesthat is a dangerous crime against children • Endangerment • Threatening or intimidating act • Assault • Custodial interference • Unlawful imprisonment or kidnaping • Criminal trespass • Harassment or stalking • Child or vulnerable adult abuse Persons Included in Definition: • A spouse or former spouse • Persons residing or having resided in the same household • Persons having a child in common • A party who is pregnant by the other party • A parent, grandparent, grandchild, stepchildRead MoreEssay about Social Stratification 1554 Words   |  7 Pagesstratification which â€Å"refers to the division of the population of a society into strata arranged in a hierarchy† (Aspin, Lois J., 1996: page 39) Sociologists study the social world through paradigms, which are theoretical frameworks such as functionalism and conflict theory. The way that they view society is through these paradigms in which they evaluate the life chances that individuals get throughout their life. Life chances are defined as â€Å"the chances an individual has in sharing in the economic, social andRead MoreWhile The Rate Of Divorce Has Rapidly Increased In Recent1659 Words   |  7 Pageshave children and divorce is an impactful event that can cause life lasting effects on children. The effects that divorce has on children can cause serious psychological issues that may form and develop over time from toddlers into the adolescent stage of their lives. The divorce itself does not affect children in a negative way. The effects result more often from the feeling of uncertainty of what is going to happen after the divorce, from the level of conflict between the parents and from how theRead MoreThe Chinese American Identity By Fae Myenne Ng1639 Words   |  7 Pagesbelong to very different worlds. The sisters deal with the struggles of assimilation as they grow up in the seclusive community of Chinatown only to live in an American world. The family life of the Leong household also experiences problems involving factors other than the clash between their cultures. In the novel, the economic struggles within the Chinese-American community are revealed. Due to discrimination, the Leong family stays in a Chinatown in San Francisco so that they may live safely inRead MoreSocial Studies Csec Study Guide10262 Words   |  42 Pagesresources 2: education, sports and culture 74 4.8 Employment, unemployment and under-employment 76 4.9 Preparation for the world of work 78 Unit 4 Practice exam questions 80 LE 1.5 2 4 56 58 60 10 12 14 16 P 1.4 The family What is a family? Different family types and unions Roles, relationships and responsibilities in the family 1 Roles, relationships and responsibilities in the family 2 Changing roles in the contemporary Caribbean family The results of changing roles in the Caribbean family

Little Alice Adventures Of Self Identity - 1300 Words

â€Å"Little Alice†: Adventures in Self-Identity By examining Lewis Carroll’s Alice’s Adventures in Wonderland, it is evident that this bildungsroman novel aims to educate child and adult readers alike on finding one’s identity. A common motif found in the bildungsroman genre is the maturation of a single protagonist, who undergoes moral development through experiential learning. As Alice happens upon the inciting incident of entering Wonderland, her naivety and childlike sensibility is tested. Wonderland acts as a realm of transformation, where the logic of her childhood reality is of no use. It is once Alice’s logic fails her, that she embarks on a journey of introspection. The Mad Tea Party functions as a climatic point in Alice’s formation of her identity. In the ensuing chapters, Alice grows from an immature seven-year-old to a young girl who possesses a sense of autonomy and self-identity. She understands the value of communication, self-control, and the necessity to adapt as she maneuvers h er way through episodic challenges. Initially, Alice is depicted at her most immature and naà ¯ve stage of development. It is early on in the novel, where she is first described as â€Å"Little Alice†. This emphasizes her child-centered perspective within the larger adult world. As Alice’s journey begins, she is inexperienced and ill equipped. This is evident in her encounter with the â€Å"Drink Me† bottle at the bottom of the rabbit hole. Alice uses the logic she would use outside Wonderland toShow MoreRelatedThe Theme Of Identity And Identity Crisis In Alices Adventures In Wonderland1138 Words   |  5 PagesLewis Carroll captured the hearts of both adolescents and adults when he crafted the novel Alice’s Adventures in Wonderland. 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In the novel, Alice’s Adventures in Wonderland, Alice falls into the curious world of Wonderland. Alice assuages and manages inter-conflicts, such as her identity. Through the confusion, experimentation, and uncertainties of the Wonderland between childhood and adulthood Alice realizes in her unconscious state that she is changing from simple child into a young woman. Although the novel is notorious for its satire and parodies, Alice’s Adventures in Wonderland mainRead MoreAlice in Wonderland889 Words   |  4 Pagesin Alice’s Identity Crisis Lewis Carroll’s Alice in Wonderland follows the story of young Alice trapped in the world of Wonderland after falling down through a rabbit-hole. The rabbit-hole which is filled with bookshelves, maps, and other objects foreshadows the set of rules, the ones Alice is normally accustomed to, will be defied in Wonderland. This conflict between her world and Wonderland becomes evident shortly after her arrival as evinced by chaos in â€Å"Pool of Tears† and Alice brings up theRead MoreThe Novel Alice s Adventures, Alice Falls Asleep And Into The Curious World Of Wonderland2634 Words   |  11 PagesVictorian girl named Alice. In the novel Alice’s Adventures in Wonderland, Alice falls asleep and into the curious world of Wonderland. Alice assuages and manages inter-conflicts, such as her identity. Through the confusion, experimentation, and uncertainties of Wonderland between childhood and adulthood Alice realizes in her unconscious state that she is changing from simple child into a young woman. Although the novel is notorious for its satire and parodies, Alice’s Adventures in Wonderland mainRead MoreLewis Carroll s Hidden Presence Of Puberty1540 Words   |  7 PagesLewis Carroll’s Hidden Presence of Puberty The transformations that Alice experiences throughout Lewis Carroll’s, Alice’s Adventures in Wonderland, display the metaphorical change the protagonist goes through from the stage of childhood to adulthood and the continued struggle to understand her identity. These changes are experienced after Alice follows a white rabbit down his hole and into an incredible world known as Wonderland. This place, although completely fictitious, represents an alternateRead MoreHow Do Travelers Construct Their Own Identity As They Travel? Essay2140 Words   |  9 Pagestravelers construct their own identity as they travel? ‘â€Å"Who are you?† said the Caterpillar.’ (Carroll 1998: 40). Identity is explored extensively throughout Lewis Carroll’s Alice’s Adventures in Wonderland (1865) and Amos Tutuola’s The Palm-Wine Drinkard (1952). Both protagonists embark on a journey that questions their inner self; through the distortion of characters, time and plot. Transformations allow each protagonist to distort their own identity and gain self-awareness as they travel. BothRead MoreAlice’s Adventures in Wonderland and Through the Looking Glass1929 Words   |  8 PagesLewis Carroll wrote â€Å"Alice’s Adventures in Wonderland† and a follow up novel â€Å"Through the Looking Glass†. Lewis was born on the 27th of January, 1832 under the name Charles Lutwidge Dodgson. He is most famous for his writing style of lyrical nonsense in his works. â€Å"In 1856 Carroll met Alice Liddell, the four-year-old daughter of the head of Christ Church. During the next few years Carroll often made up stories for Alice and her sisters. In July 1862, while on a picnic with the Liddell girlsRead MoreThe Fall Down The Rabbit Hole3326 Words   |  14 PagesThe Fall Down the Rabbit Hole Seven-year-old Alice s curiosity leads her to follow a white rabbit down a hole into Wonderland, a magical realm permeated by nonsense and irrationality. Alice s Adventures in Wonderland by Lewis Carroll tells of the escapades of a bored, curious, and innocent young girl as she ventures into Wonderland, a world made up entirely by her imagination. Madness and rudeness govern the kingdom. During her journey, Alice faces one of the most difficult struggles in adolescence:

Child Protective Services And Foster Care - 1570 Words

A child living in the 21st century is no stranger to poverty and the desperate lifestyles it promotes. Too often the case, children, living in families with incomes below the nation’s poverty line, are limited to criminal activities, low-level education, and blue-collar employment. Furthermore, years of economic strife in the United States have invited a cycle of poverty to predetermine the lives of children in poverty-stricken families, where they are raised with insufficient care and inadequate resources in unstable environments. Not that it is in any way the fault of the parents, whose financial situation isn’t always an accurate reflection of their parental capability, the government’s assumes the responsibility of removing children†¦show more content†¦In accordance to Dorothy Roberts, professor of Law and Sociology at the University of Pennsylvania, Foster Care â€Å"addresses family economic deprivation with child removal rather than services a nd financial resources.† Moreover, the activities of the Foster Care system, despite it being a vital component of the nation’s child welfare systems, offers a temporary solution to treat the cycle of poverty, removing children, like one would in the case of an earthquake, away from the vicinity, except in this case it’s their homes and families. This is done when the providing of â€Å"services and financial resources† would do more than suffice, and as a result â€Å"one-third of children in foster care are black, despite black children making up only 15 percent of the nation s children.†(Roberts) In addition to this, the racial imbalance present in the child welfare system feeds off the notion that children with African-American parents are more at risk than children with white parents. A study done by PBS showed that in Chicago â€Å"95 percent of children in foster care are black.,† and in 1997, New York City s foster care system had â⠂¬Å"only 1,300† white children, with black children â€Å"10 times as likely as white children to be in state protective custody.†(Roberts) â€Å"black children in the child welfare system are placed in foster care at twice the rate for white children.,† and a national study of child protective

Electronic Bill Payment System Internal Entities

Question: Discuss about the Electronic Bill Payment System for Internal Entities. Answer: 1. EBP stands for electronic bill payment system and EBPP stands for electronic bill presentment and payment system. As the name suggest the former offer a system of payment of bills electronically whereas the later offer dual system of delivering the bill to the respective customers via electronic mode and also supports the payment of those bills electronically. The EBPP system offers delivery of bill over the email along with a link which on clicking would direct the payer directly to the payment site thus ensuring immediate payment without much of a hassle. This system also let goes of the concept of maintaining bills in hard copy thus saving upon the paper as well as reducing the burden of keeping the papers safely. Further bills can be easy accessible from any part of the world by a simple login to ones own email id. However EBP just provides an electronic medium for making payments but ensures that the bills are to be received in hard copy. However two systems are quite similar in certain aspects. Both the systems offer payment of bills via the internet or other electronic modes wherein money is directly deposited and payment is made through a payment system which is nationally accredited. Both the systems offer easy payment options thus reducing the burden of going to the payment desk physically, standing in the long queues for making payments. The major difference which lies between these two systems is that of receipt of bills. The EBP system does not offer the facility of receiving bills online which is available in the EBPP system. In todays world most of the larger MNCs have shifted their base from only EBP system to EBPP system as it offers better acceptability amongst its customers. Also the EBPP system follows the concept of Go Green thus reducing paper work and shifting towards a paperless platform (Stefanadis, 2002,). 2. As per the third normal form, it is very clear that the university works in a very simple manner. The entity relationship diagram that is portrayed shows a clear representation of the linkage between the student, courses applied and the instructor for the respective courses. These three are inseparable components for any university. A student is the most important entity wherein each student is given a unique number for identification purposes. A students table mainly captures name, a unique roll no allocated, address, the courses he or she has applied for and the respective instructor for that course and lastly the grade that the student acquires. Amongst the same, course is another important component which has a course number to which each student is linked depending upon the course it enrols for. Thus there is a many to one relationship in this instance where many students are linked to one particular course. Each course has an instructor allocated. With regards a university this is a weak key. Therefore it is very clear that in this context the basic reference lies with the number of students, the courses they have enrolled for and the grade that they have achieved in each course enrolled. Thus the university basically works keeping the students and the courses they enrol for as the primary constituents and the instructors are viewed basically as someone who overviews the students with regards the courses they have applied for(Beal, 2012). 3(a) The transfer of data amongst the entity, the process within the entity and the storage system of the data is defined as data flow and a data flow diagram distinctly shows the various tasks that are required to be performed as well as the information that is needed so as to enable performance. However the idea of internal entities should be within the organization and the external entities should be outside the organization given by my colleague is partially correct. An organization cannot flourish by working within some set boundaries. There has to be an uninterrupted interaction amongst the internal and external entities. Internal entities are those who are employed by an organization and external entities are those who are not on the payrolls of an organization (Donald, 2000). The external entity comprises of the creditors, investors, tax officials and the customers. They cannot be kept secluded in total from the organization as they would want to enter into a relationship with the organization only if they are given access to the basic accounting information required for making decisions else they would not be wary of the situations existing within an organization, hence nobody would want to be attached with such an organization (Epstein, Buhovac 2006). They would need access of organizations performance indicators so that investment decisions can be taken, the creditors can grant them better credit period and the tax authorities can ensure that the organization is not in default. Similarly the internal entities should also have a fair idea about the external entities and the environment outside the organization else they would not be aware of the conditions and the requirements of the outside environment. To have a knowledge with regards the various pro nouncements made by the government, the requirement of the customer, their tastes and choices as well as the financing requirements can be fulfilled only if the internal entities interact clearly and explicitly with the external factors. Thus both are inter-related to some extent and to some extent the privacy is also required to be maintained. 3(b) My colleague is correct to some extent. Internal entities are the people who are within the business organization like the employees, board of directors. External entities are those entities outside the organization who are impacted upon the performance of the organization. For example the employees of an organization , expecting them to work within the organization itself without any kind of communication with the external forces may lead to situations wherein the employees may become outdated and aloof to the outside environment. Each employee has to be keep itself updated with the changing requirements and the needs of the customers and the prospect investors. This knowledge base will enable them to give inputs to the organization to improvise upon their current work habits. Similarly if the prospect investor are kept far off from the organizations internal data then they would be reluctant enough to invest. This would lead to a reputational issue as well and company may end up loosing its present investors as well. Therefore on the basis of the above references it is clear that the statement made by my colleague is not acceptable ad verbatim. References: Beal, V., 2012, entity-relationship diagram (model), viewed on 03rd August 2016, https://www.webopedia.com/TERM/E/entity_relationship_diagram.html Donald, S.L.V., 2000, Understanding Data Flow Diagrams, viewed on 02nd Aug 2016, https://ratandon.mysite.syr.edu/cis453/notes/DFD_over_Flowcharts.pdf Epstein, M., Buhovac, A.R., 2006, The reporting of Organizational Risks for Internal and External Decision-Making, AICPA: Canada Stefanadis, C., 2002, Why Hasnt Electronic Bill Presentment and Payment taken off?, Current Issues in Economics and Finance, vol.8, no.7

Industrial Relations Vs HRM

Introduction Human Resource Management (HRM) and Industrial Relations (IR) play a significant role in the management of employees-employers relationship. However, nowadays, industrial relationship has become very sensitive and complex to manage.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Industrial Relations Vs HRM specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Progress in industrial relations is difficult because of lack of cooperation and harmonious relationships between important parties. The term industrial relations define the association that exist between employees and management, which results from the prevailing union-employer relationship. Initially, industrial relationship entailed all the existing relationships, as well as interactions between employees and employers. It represented all elements of employment relationships that entailed HRM, employees’ relationship, as well as union-management relations. Currently, the great development of HRM and its proliferation has made industrial relations to specialize in studying and practicing trade unionism, collective bargaining, as well as labor-management relations. Whereas industrial relations use unions in the management of people within organizations, human resource management is a nonunion employment approach that engages in the recruitment, management and development of policies in the workplace. Human resource management is an upcoming field that is highly effective in hiring, performance management, employees’ motivation and training of personnel. It is a very effective approach in managing people, as well as workplace culture and environment. An effective human resource management involves use of comprehensive and strategic methods for managing employees to effectively contributing in efficient production process. Effective and efficient productivity is important in enhancing a company’s overall production, as well as enhancing a chievement of its goals and objectives. Industrial relations were more instrumental in the past and especially in ensuring collective bargaining and in disputes and grievances settlements.Advertising Looking for essay on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More However, with the current great development and propagation of human resource management that encompass hiring, training, performance management and employees’ motivation, many organizations prefer to embrace HRM, rather than industrial relations for managing employees-employer relationships (Ackers, 2002). Whereas writers like Daver (2001), Carpenter Raphael (2012), see this shift like a response to the rising international competition, others like Bech (2005) see it as an incidence of the privatization and deregulation in the management of workforce. Different Theoretical Perspective Underpinning Employment Relationships Employee relationship refer s to all the elements such as industrial relations, management and resolution of employees’ grievances and conflicts, as well as management of employees’ cooperation and communication. Formerly, the term industrial relations was employed in referring to the management of employees relations, but nowadays employee relations is the currently used term. Mitchell (2012) posits that employment relationship is dependent on individuals’ perception of the world of work. Katz Darbishire (2002) claim existence of significant political, academic and philosophical theoretical perspectives that highly influence peoples understanding of employees’ relations. In line with Katz Darbishire (2002) claim, Kaufman (2004) identifies some important theoretical perspectives that influence individuals’ perception, which entail economic explanation, philosophical perspective, and Employment relationship. Tripathi (2003) argue the economic perspective as a labor market co nsisting of demand for labor from companies and supplies of labor by persons. He argues that Companies aim in maximizing profits to enhance shareholders wealth.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Industrial Relations Vs HRM specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Consequently, Mitchell (2012) considers neo-classical economics as an approach where economists perceive a company’s demand for labor as a function of the demand for its products/services. In this case, a firm will tend to hire more employees until the point where the revenue realized by hiring more employees approaches the costs of hiring those employees. When this scenario occurs, the firm stops hiring more workers, as it does not deem it profitable. However, this situation does not always happen because of other underlying factors that influence the market. Whilst the economic theory is imperative in explaining how demand and supply of labor is determin ed, it fails to account for other important factors in the chain. For instance, it fails to explain the organization structure and the party responsible for setting the wages. Similarly, it does not put into account the differential of wages between workers because of varied skills, as well as qualification requirements of jobs. In addition, economic theory does not show the employment relationship in the workplace or illustrate how management handles the human relations. According to the economic theory, the foundation of the relationship is purely the exchange of labor in return for wages. This means that if there is need for more labor, more wages is paid. The theory does not factor in the role of human resource management in work scenario. As per the perspective on the employment relationship, a philosophical approach regarding unitary and pluralistic is considered. The unitary method considers firms as a harmonious, integrated team with employees and managers sharing common goa ls and objectives. Mitchell (2012) claim that employees and management share common values that tie them together preventing any potential source of conflict. The approach perceives royalty and adoption of leadership characterize the workplace and managers oversee the employees in becoming involved as well as committed in pursuit of the firms’ goals and objectives.Advertising Looking for essay on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Budd (2004) considers unitary approach as the best approach for a proper workplace. Unitary approach considers applicants values and ideas during selection and recruitment exercise for qualification purposes. Consensus of ideas and values is paramount in unitary approach and new recruits learn appropriate values and ideas involuntary from management, which they use for socialization purposes, as well as for consensus building. Unitary approach advocates involuntary learning process, where employees involuntarily pursue corporate induction courses and other essential training programs. Mitchell (2012) argues that unitary is the best approach as it requires the management to manage the workers as a team to enhance effectiveness and efficiency in the workplace. Occurrence of a discord in unitary approach is an aberration and persistence existence of conflict may result to dismissal for those acting against the management. The approach does not give room for differing views and regards different opinions as contravention of the organization values and culture. Conversely, Jayne (2012) regards pluralistic approach as the best approach for workplace management as it enhance performance and innovation because of the presence of competing sub-groups in pursuit of their goals and objectives. Pluralistic approach embrace different opinions from competing factions, which are important in enhancing efficiency through subsequent inventions of more efficient processes of accomplishing objective. The conflicts that accompany the competition against the existing sub-groups are essential in the development and evolution of the firm, personnel and policies. Pluralist approach uses policies designed in managing these different groups, rather than unifying them. Thus, this approach advocates for the democracy where there is embracing of divergent views. Jayne (2012) posits that in instances of persistence conflicts, the management engages in negotiations and bargaining mechanisms to address diverging views, rather than using dismissal tactics as the case in unitary approach as posited by Kaufman (2004). The radical approach explains the employment relationship as one of exploitation where the employer exploits the workers. Mitchell (2012) argues that commercial and industrial harmony is not possible unless the management control the means of production to benefit in the relationship. Radicalism is the basis of trade unions and socialists associations; it facilitated development of trade unions to strengthen individual workers. According to Mitchell (2012), radicalism takes and sells labor like any other commodity. Whereas pluralists embrace competition and democracy, radicalism is founded on the superiority of the employer that results to the employer undermining the trade union and influencing the working conditions to suite them. Marxism views the exploitation to result from the employer setting the wages lower than the selling value of the products to en hance profits. Workers have limited bargaining power and must accept the market rate offered by the seller (Mitchell, 2012). The introduction of scientific management by F.W Taylor enabled the breaking of tasks in simpler parts to help the managers understand and control the work process better. This approach made the surveillance and monitoring of employees more achievable. In addition, it helped redesigning and combination of tasks to maximize efficiency. However, the approach resulted to more conflicts, as well as opposition to management. The process improved by incorporating employees in decision making, which resulted in increased employees’ satisfactions. Other subsequent important improvements entail job redesign, rotation, enrichment and enlargement. Despite, all the above improvements there is a concern of whether all the measures undertaken has adequately addressed the quality of working life to enhance employees-employers relationships (Kaufman, 2004). Industrial Relations in Managing Employment Relationship The aforementioned theoretical perspectives explained the various theoretical underpinning employees-employers relationship. Effective and efficient management of employees-employers relationship is imperative in enhancing productivity and profit maximization. Industrial relations involve the use of unions to manage employees-employers relations. One important aspect of industrial relations is the formation of trade unions. Industrial relations started during the industrial era where employees used the trade unions for collective bargaining and resolution of grievances and disputes. Industrial relations mainly entail the formation of trade unions, which is an association of wage earners for the aim of ensuring favorable working conditions in their workplace (Tripathi, 2003). Human Resource Management in Managing Employment Relationship Human resource management is a method for managing people in a thorough and structured manner. It inclu des recruitment, training, motivation and preparing policies to manage employees-employer relationship. Human resource management involves a move from collective employee relations that emphasize on use of union in the bargaining and dispute managements towards personalized –based negotiations, where managers use contract and performance –pay systems for reinforcement (Bech, 2005). Rise of HRM verse decline of Industrial relation The industrial relations entail the use of collective bargaining for employment relations. It uses the concept of unions and socio-emotions rather than contractual arrangements and performance-based remuneration. Industrial relations use rules and regulations to govern relations concerning work, workplace and working community. The main aim of industrial relations is to sustain harmonious working relationship between the employers and employees. They ensure harmonious working relationship by using collective bargaining and grievance solving te chniques to solve arising disputes. For instance, industrial relations use labor unions to force for better working conditions or wages increases through strikes and demonstrations. However, with the continuous evolvement and propagation of human resource management, firms are moving from industrial relations to embrace HRM in ensuring harmonious relationship between the management and other employees. The reason why firms tend to embrace the use of human resource management in management of workforce relationship is the effectiveness of HRM in managing employees’ relationship. HRM is not a reactive system as the industrial relation that focuses on solving emerging grievances, but a proactive approach that attempt to address underlying causes of grievances. Industrial relation uses the outdated philosophy of Marxism of radical approach where every party to exploit the resulting relationship in the workplace. The radical approach considers the workplace relationship as the one where the employers exploit the employees. The radical approach posits that employers sell their products at high prices but they pay their employees very little money. This is the reason why they regard the association as one of exploitation. The continuous exploitation of the employees by their bosses has caused dissatisfactions to many employees, an issue that has called for a better strategy to solve the low performance that accompanies unsatisfied workforce. This has given rise to the evolvement of human resource management to incorporate better strategies for introducing and sustaining favorable working relationship between the management and other employees. The human resource management has introduced payment packages, which are performance-based. This has been a very effective strategy in solving the remuneration grievances, which often affects existence of good relationship between the management and employees. Thus, instead of the employees using the concept of collectiv e bargaining to bargain for better pay, the human resource management institutes a system that links individual performance with the pay one receives. The differential of the pay based on performance has greatly embraced by many employees, which has resulted to an enhanced customer satisfaction that was difficult to realize by using industrial relations (Legge, 2004). Apart from introducing performance-based pay, human resource management has incorporated motivation in the workplace as a strategy of enhancing relations in the workplace. The use of motivation has greatly boosted working relations between the various stakeholders interacting in the day-to-day working process and particularly ensuring harmonious relationship between employees and the management. Human resource management is now using various strategies to motivate the employees. For instance, employees who meet their targets get rewards to reinforce their spirit for sustaining their high performance. Similarly, highly competent human resource staffs give the employees the opportunity to set their targets and the freedom to appraise their performance. This strategy has been instrumental in enhancing intrinsic motivation, where employees own the responsibility for setting high standards for themselves and pursuing them with vigor. This method has helped in enhancing performance because employees who have the freedom to set their goals and assess their performance pursue their goals with passion and are highly satisfied with undertakings. In the past, the management used to set very high targets for their employees that were unrealistic to accomplish. This method resulted in building tension between the management and the employees, as the employees contemplated the setting of high targets as a means for the management to exploit them. The lack of trust between employers and employees resulted to employees having low morale and lack of job satisfaction; the job turn up was very high. However, with a doption of human resource management that is proactive rather than reactive, the introduction of motivation strategies such as actively engaging the workers in decision making process has greatly boosted job satisfaction and enhanced performance. Therefore, instead of firms relaying on industrial relations, which are reactive, many firms are nowadays embracing human resource management in establishing proactive measures to facilitate harmonious working relationship between management and workers (Jayne, 2012). Industrial relation engage employer, employees, government and trade union in collectively resolving any dispute that erupt in the workplace. Industrial relation mainly use confrontation approaches such as boycotting duty, strike and demonstration in negotiating for proper working conditions or terms. This method is an outdated approach in conflict resolution. It is not a good strategy for solving work related issues, as the engaging parties do not carry good memories of resul ting confrontations that may hinder effective performance in future business endeavors. In other times, industrial relations use the trade union to pursue for better working conditions for member employees through lawsuits, which sometimes stay for a long period without being determined. In addition, the legal proceeding that the trade union use to seek for justice are very expensive, which require members to pay higher commissions to cater for the salaries of the trade union employees, as well as pay for the high legal fees. In some cases, the trade union uses alternative dispute resolutions to solve arising disputes between the employers and workers. Some of the methods used such as mediation and negotiation are very effective in solving any arising disputes amicably. However, because they are mainly not enforceable, the employers are likely not to honor the promise made. This leaves the conflict unresolved, which may crop up in future at a higher magnitude. Other alternative disp ute resolution such as litigation and arbitration although are enforceable, they are not the best option for solving disputes because they are time consuming and expensive because of the costs associated with the process. Thus, the poor conditions that accompany the use of industrial relations in solving conflicts arising from poor working conditions or poor terms of employment makes it less preferred approach than human resource management (Daver, 2001). Human resource management being a proactive approach tries to suppress factors that underpin poor working relationship. For instance, human resource management has been very instrumental in the recruitment, placement training and promotion processes to ensure that competence in the recruitment and placement process to enhance job satisfaction. Human resource management stresses the importance of ensuring job satisfaction in minimizing cropping conflicts in the workplace. The human resource management engages in a thorough exercise during the hiring process to make sure that it recruits only highly competent employees. The recruited employees receive appropriate training before placement to equip them with appropriate skills to ensure they fit in to their new environment. Proper recruitment and training is important in making sure that management identifies the strengths and weaknesses for the recruited personnel and assisted accordingly. In addition, knowing their strengths and passions is essential to make sure they take it in consideration during the placement exercise. During the training process they are get to know the culture of the firm they will be working to adjust accordingly. Proper training is important in helping employees overcome subsequent conflicts that may arise because of poor training and orientation that may hinder proper relationship between the management and the employees (Carpenter Raphael, 2012). Scholars who focus on industrial relation have a perception that the labor market is no t competitive, which opposes the claim of economic theory. industrial relations gives the employers an upper hand over the employees in the negotiation process of better terms and better working conditions. Industrial relations is characterized by a conflict of interests between workers and the management where the workers demand higher pays, while the management crave for higher profits , which give rise to an inherent conflict of interest in employers-employees relations. The perceived inherit conflict of interest makes it difficult for the laborers to contemplate that management can pursue laborers interest for better pay to bring to an end exploitation. In this respect, industrial relations aspire to improve the strained relationship between employers and the management by fighting for an improvement of workers right and employment relationships. Industrial relations are biased and underline on employees’ conflict of interests by supporting employees mechanisms such as co llective bargaining, labor union and labor management partnership. The policies endorsed by industrial relations through pluralists approach aim in ensuring a balance in the employment relationship to achieve economic efficiency and employment equity. Industrial relations have failed to bring the desired employment relationships. The reason why it has failed to achieve its objective is the approach of its formation. Its foundation was in a form of a problem solving to bring using the radicalism method. For example, instead of employers having proactive strategies to enhance customer satisfaction, they failed to employ appropriate strategies that are employed by HRM such as motivational methods to enhance employees’ job satisfaction. Many scholars nowadays perceive industrial relations to be in crisis. This is because the industrial relations get pressure on one side by the dominant economic theory and prevailing institutional behaviors. On the other side, they receive an equa lly pressure by the postmodern views. In the formulation of policies, the emerging neoliberal perspective that advocate fort a free and fair market overruns the industrial relations tradition view of industrial relations on institution intervention. Moreover, many firms are nowadays adopting labor unions for solving employment disputes. In response to the demising in industrial relations, many firms are nowadays embracing human resource management. They prefer to adopt human resource management because of its ability to effectively ensure strong employment relationship that bring efficiency in economy and employee equity (Budd, 2004). Human resource management uses various models to bring and sustain harmonious employment relationships. One of the models it uses is the normative model of HRM that is oriented towards unitary perspective that identifies goals that are common to employers and employees. Normative model emphasize the importance of aligning business and individual needs through instruments of selection, development, assessment and rewards. This makes human resource management to appear a proactive business strategy, rather than a reactive approach like it is the case with industrial relations. Business integration of HRM within the overall business decision making makes it more efficient in establishing health employment relationship than industrial relations. Thus, many firms are adopting HRM for management of employment relationships because of its integrated series in the creation of personnel policies to underpin organization strategy of harmonious employment relationship. Similarly, the human resource management is becoming more preferred than industrial relations for its ability to use descriptive-functional perspective model that emphasize on the importance of partnership between employer and employee. This approach is engraved in the pluralist approach where there is acknowledgement that consensus cannot be taken for granted and thus, the m anagement has to take into consideration the competing priorities that prevail within the firm. In response of the economic theory, human resource management view labor as soft or hard. Soft HRM consider employees as valuable assets that should be developed and reinvested in, on the other hand hard HRM consider labor as another factor of production such that a firm should recruit the right number of workers, with appropriate skills and into the right jobs to cut down on unwanted expenses (Befort Budd, 2009). McDonald’s is one of the Companies that have disowned industrial relations and embraced HRM. The firm uses strategic HRM tactics to establish a competitive edge over its rival brands. For instance, McDonald’s selects, recruits competent personnel and then takes them through a thorough program to orientate them to the firm’s culture. In addition, the company adopts significant HRM skills such as employees’ motivation through increased wages. In McDona ld’s, there is extensive job differential and the management considers the passion and interest of its employees during placement process. Thus, McDonald’s uses pluralist approach where Employees have the freedom to air their views. In addition, McDonald’s employees get a chance to experiment new methods to foster innovations and inventions. However, all departments in the firm are required to operate in harmony as depicted by unitary approach and work for a common objective. Nonetheless, McDonald’s does not inhibit any characteristics of radicalism, where the management exploits employees (Gutterman, 2005). Conclusion Proper management of the human capita is important in ensuring high performance in organization. Firms that use strategic approaches for effectively managing their workforce have employees who are highly satisfied with their jobs. They tend to record low turnover rates and high productivity. Industrial relation is a common traditional appro ach for managing employers-employees relationship through collective bargaining, use of unions and collective dispute resolutions. However, because of the emergence of modern methods, which are more efficient in managing employment relationship such as HRM, many companies are moving from the use of industrial relations to adoption of HRM in ensuring strong employment relationships. Human resource management is more success in ensuring health employment relationship because it is a proactive business strategy rather than a reactive approach like industrial relations. Human resource management uses tolls such as selection, development, appraisal and rewards to enhance employment relationship between the employer and the employee. In addition, human resource management stresses the importance for management to recognize that an organization consists of groups with competing interest, which should be listened and assisted accordingly. This approach in solving the conflict of interests b etween the employer and employees has greatly helped in the success of HRM in ensuring strong employment relationships. Reference List Ackers, P. (2002).Reframing Employment Relations: The Case for Neo-Pluralism.  Industrial Relations Journal. 6, 7, 34-40. Bech, S. (2005). Managing Human Resources: Personnel Management in Transition. Oxford: Blackwell. Befort, S. Budd, J. (2009). Invisible Hands, Invisible Objectives: Bringing Workplace  Law and Public Policy into Focus. California: Stanford University Press. Budd, J. (2004). Employment with a Human Face: Balancing Efficiency, Equity,  and Voice. New York: Cornell University Press. Carpenter, C. Raphael, S. (2012).Industrial Relations: A journal of Economy and  Society. 51, 4, 143-145. Daver R.S. (2001). Personnel Management and Industrial Relations. New Delhi: Vikash Publications. Gutterman, A. (2005). Effective Employees Management: A Case Study of McDonald’s  New York: Prentice Hall. Jayne. (2012).Industrial Re lations Practice – Employment Relationship. Web. Katz, H.C. Darbishire, O. (2002). Converging Divergence: Worldwide Changes in  Employment Systems. New York: Cornell University Press. Kaufman, B. (2004). The Global Evolution of Industrial Relations. New York: Prentice Hall. Legge, K. (2004). Human Resource Management: Rhetoric and Realities. Basingstoke: Palgrave Macmillan. Mitchell, D. (2012). Industrial Relation. Employment and Labor Relations Journal. 6, 8,123-126. Tripathi P.C. (2003).Personnel Management and Industrial Relations. New Delhi: Sultan Chand and Sons. This essay on Industrial Relations Vs HRM was written and submitted by user Senator Bail to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.

Logistics and Analysis of IGEHO 2011

Logistics and Analysis of IGEHO 2011 Introduction IGEHO is an international exhibition for hotel catering and extra-domestic consumption that took place in Basel, Switzerland from the 19-23 November 2011. The event was meant for anyone who is professionally involved in the hotel industry. The IGEHO event offered innovations, a complete market overview of products and services and a setting in which to meet familiar faces.Advertising We will write a custom report sample on Logistics and Analysis of IGEHO 2011 specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Alongside hoteliers, the event acted as a meeting point for professionals from the facility management industry and the care sector (homes and hospitals). In addition to this, visitors to the event were able to acquire valuable specialist knowledge about trends in the hotel industry. Happening at a difficult economic climate, the event provided a good opportunity for stakeholders in the hotel industry to find the right partner in good time so as to be able to react successfully to changes within the industry. At a time when conserving energy is a priority for every organization, IGEHO provided participants information on energy efficiency for them to apply in the hotel industry. Additionally, the event gave participants who would like to invest money in the hotel industry in the future an opportunity to learn the basics of how to run their businesses. This was achieved through a lecture given on hall 2.2 with the theme â€Å"Atmosphere for the Hotel Guest: Focus on Women.† The choice of topic was based on the assumption that hotels are generally better tailored to the requirements of men than women. By placing the focus on women, the event organizers sought to give participants an answer to the question of how female hotel gusts differ from their male counterparts (IGEHO, 2011). Ideally, the event featured over 800 exhibitors displaying thousands of products, services, and innovations in the hotel industr y (Allen, 2010). This report looks at the logistical support for IGEHO to determine if the event was a success or not in relation to other events. The report also looks at the main suppliers (Butterworth, and Rukavina, 2002) during the event and gives a Gantt chart giving the schedule of the event. Logistical Support for the Igeho Event Events like IGEHO 2011 are leisure activities and work possibilities for people and logistical support is important if they are to be a success. Events bring people together and make them have a good time. They enhance the quality of people’s life by providing significant economic benefits and can also provide revenue for special projects. Regardless of size, events require a high degree of planning, a range of skills and a lot of energy.Advertising Looking for report on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More According to Andersson and Wesslau (2000), when using e vents, companies get the possibility to have their own right to the consumer during the duration of the event. This means that if a company manages to get the consumer to attend the event, the distortion from the competitors will be gone or at least minimized during the duration of the event. Also, events such as IGEHO, which largely concentrates on the hotel industry contains tangible elements, such as food, beverages and other products sold or given away, but are essentially a service in that they consist of intangible experiences of finite duration within a temporary, managed atmosphere. As with all services, this experiential â€Å"product† is produced and consumed simultaneously, is highly heterogeneous and very difficult to store or control (Allen, 2010) hence the need for proper planning. Ticketing Ticketing an event such as IGEHO is an immensely complex task, involving thousands of tickets. Hence, ticketing is one of the most significant programs of mega events such a s IGEHO 2011. The ticketing that regards customers becomes, directly and indirectly, a critical factor for the success of the event and, consequently, it must be set up and realized in more professional and coherent way with the context of which it is to be situated (Cherubini and Iasevoli, 2007). For IGEHO, the tickets were available from the event’s website www.igeho24.ch. Participants to the event were able to purchase their tickets online two months before the event kicked off. Selling tickets online provided convenience to the participants since they did not have to cue to obtain their tickets. Additionally, the event organizers were able to get good returns since they were selling their tickets directly to the public. The ability to purchase tickets at any time that suited them not only enabled the participants to make informed choices on the part of the event they wanted to attend but it also eased the pressure on the organizers phones consequently cutting their cost b ase significantly. However, since not all participants to the event have access to internet connection, the organizers had booths in various countries where one could buy IGEHO tickets. These were available from the stands at the entrances of shopping malls and event venue. In addition, portions of the tickets were sent to special guests personally (IGEHO, 2011). Transportation On Saturday, November 19 and every other day of the event at 08.15 am, a special train would move from the city center to Basel SBB where the trade fair was being held. Participants were not charged for this ride since the event organizers met the cost. Throughout the day, the number of speed trains heading to the trade fair was increased to enable anyone who missed the special IGEHO train to get to the venue in good time.Advertising We will write a custom report sample on Logistics and Analysis of IGEHO 2011 specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More The event organize rs chose speed trains as the mode of transportation to the event to avoid traffic jams, which are inherent in Basel. The IGEHO organizers had also made a special arrangement with the RailAway Company to offer 10% discount on the outward and return journey to Basel SBB and on the transfer to the trade fair grounds for those who missed the IGEHO train. For those who did not wish to travel by rail, the organizers had contracted reliable bus companies and taxi operators to transport guests to the event and back. However, this was done at the guests’ own expense (IGEHO, 2011). Human Resources Human resource management is much more than recruitment and selection of staff and volunteers; it is a wide-ranging activity, involving the long-term strategic development of the event organization. The expected outcome of this is a positive culture of commitment and cooperation developed in the process of managing the work force (Wagen, 2007). In events, there are also the volunteers. They a re representatives from the community who freely choose to give their time and skills to support club activities for no payment other than reimbursement for out of pocket expenses. Volunteers come from all age groups, educational backgrounds and genders (Cherubini and Iasevoli, 2007). People generally volunteer to have fun, socialize, learn new skills, help others, develop new friends, explore career opportunities etc. (Getz, 2007). Working with volunteers requires that their special contribution to the success of the event be acknowledged and shared. Working with volunteers requires consideration, flexibility and enthusiasm because volunteers often work for the ‘fun of it’ of for charitable purposes. Volunteers require just as much management and coordination as employees (Tassiopoulos, 2005). For the realization of the IGEHO 2011 event successfully, there was need for adequate, competent and well-qualified human resources to achieve the goals of the event. In this sen se, the staff employed in the IGEHO Event consisted of the Swiss Hotel Industry personnel and organization company’s staff. These people had responsibilities from the beginning to the end of the event. In addition, during the staging of the event the personnel in charge were assigned to serve the participants and the audience. In the IGEHO 2011 event, a total of 38 employees were assigned including 13 employees in organization, 15 for stage setup and enter-exit controlling, 6 people in branding, 4 people in promotional and advertising business.Advertising Looking for report on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More The personnel were trained people and were selected according to the job requirements. Volunteers were 33 people and students from various Swiss hotel industry institutions. The students were assigned to meet the needs of the audiences and provide the necessary assistance in the hall during the event. Two week training was given to the volunteers for the event (IGEHO, 2011). Marketing and PR In management of the events, public relations have two roles. On the one hand, it supports marketing activity in the form of promotions; on the other hand, it is also the tool that disseminates non-promotional information to other target publics that are important to the organization (Anderson, 2004). An event’s leading aim is to achieve positive coverage on the media for the event without paying for the space or air-time it occupies. Strong relationships with the key media and a range of innovative techniques and tools in order to evoke an attraction are important when trying to create t he desired media exposure (Masterman, 2004). In addition, media relations and publicity should be given a lot of attention. A well-planned publicity campaign should run alongside any advertising campaign. Ideally, this drive should be spread over the period of months, building up to a peak shortly before the event. Early warning allows potential participants and spectators to book the event in to their diaries and prevents potential clashes with rival attractions (Tassiopoulos, 2005). To promote the IGEHO 2011 event, various activities were organized in the city centre, in shopping malls and in hotels. Brochures and leaflets were distributed in areas of heavy pedestrian traffic (Berridge, 2007). In addition outdoor advertisements were done. Some attendants of IGEHO were determined by online voting by public people from the official web site of IGEHO www.igeho24.ch. By carrying out e-mail based subscription system of voting, the event participants also achieved the chance to win vari ous gifts. In addition, it was announced some surprise awards would be distributed to the lucky participants by drawing during the event. Wide coverage to reports on the subject was given in the local and national press, on web pages and official web site of IGEHO within the scope of public relations (IGEHO, 2011). The IGEHO organizers created a strong brand and visual image for the event that was withdrawn from IGEHO’s strong hotel industry background while at the same time creating a clean commercial look that would appeal to European investors where participants were drawn from. After developing a strong message – ‘Atmosphere for the Hotel Guest: Focus on Women’ the organizers formed a management team that focused on systematically developing a targeted participants list. The team then circulated targeted invitations to over 20,000 potential delegates. To market the event further, the organizers formed the IGEHO Forum where lively discussions about the event were held. These discussions were chaired by Heinz Margot a well-known Swiss television presenter and covered various industry topics (IGEHO, 2011). Additionally, the organizers also used social websites like twitter and facebook to promote the event (Wagen, 2005). Risk Management The goals of risk management (RM) in events like everywhere include the protection of assets, to minimize legal and financial liabilities, to control potential loss, properly manage growth, and to operate responsibility. Risk management recognized in varying degrees as a key component of the responsibilities associated with the planning and producing events. It is often perceived as a function that is carried out once an event has been conceived, designed, and organized. RM should be thoroughly embedded in the event design and throughout its development and production process to ensure the risks associated with the event are managed effectively and cost efficiently (Silvers, 2008). To reduce the risk s that may occur during staging of the event, the logistical team had ambulances and medical teams on standby before the start of the event. In addition, to ensure the security of the event professional security staffs were assigned. Event Participants Meeting, Receptions and Hospitality To welcome the participants in to the hall, controllers, routing attendant’s volunteers were supposed to meet the people and guide them. In order to provide employee communication, intercom, wireless radio and mobiles were used. Before the event, time audiences were taken in by ticket controlling on a regular basis. Entries were provided in to two different doors. Assigned people directed the audience to different booths by asking them what they wanted to learn. In the VIP entrance, the audiences were taken into the same way. Front part of the VIP gate was devoted to protocol. Private catering was treated for the VIP guests (IGEHO, 2011). Analysis of the Suppliers Needed Like any other big ev ent, the IGEHO organizers could not organize the event on their own and had to look for other suppliers to assist them in making the event a success (Butterworth, and Rukavina, 2002). Road Traffic Office Since the risk of road traffic accidents is higher in international visitors compared to local residents, the IGEHO organizers had collaborated with the Swiss Road Traffic Office (SRTO) to ensure that there were no accidents involving participants to the event. The highway patrol officers taking part in the event had been retrained and improvements in the secondary road network including lane widening and lane separation in dangerous ‘hot spots’ near the location of the event was carried out. The highway patrol officers created awareness among event participants on the side of the road they were supposed to drive, importance of wearing seatbelts, limiting the use of alcohol, and avoiding driving when tired. The officers were also required to give directions to motorists who did not know the venue for the event. Cabeza Cleaning Company In order to ensure that the city was kept clean during the duration of the event, the organizers contracted 326 street cleaners from Cabeza, a private cleaning company who manually removed approximately 20 tonnes of rubbish from city streets, which is twice the usual amount. Up to 5000kg of rubbish was removed from the IGEHO site and 197sq m of city footpaths and 8000 sq m of city roadways were cleaned three times a day, which is equivalent to approximately 180 football fields. In addition, there was a team of 12 anti-graffiti cleaners who were employed around the clock removing approximately 1300 instances of graffiti. G4S For any event to be successful, security of the participants has to be guaranteed. To ensure the security of participants at IGEHO, the organizers had contracted security firm G4S to manage crowds in areas where pedestrian volumes increase quickly. This included areas such as near transport interc hanges, station platforms, fairground exits, bridges, and ticket booths/ticket gates. During the event, G4S was supposed to provide security and stewarding duties as communication between the two types of staff is critical for the safe management of crowds. G4S had selected stewards with appropriate competencies and they had also received training in fire safety, emergency evacuation and dealing with incidents such as bomb threats. Two months before the start of IGEHO, G4S was already deeply involved in risk assessment and planning for the event. Working with the IGEHO staff, it participated in everything from security preparations and consultancy to the actual operations covering the whole 5-day event, starting on 19 November. Overall, G4S had provided 600 security officers to ensure the round-the-clock safety and security of the 80,000 visitors who descended on the Swiss city to take part in IGEHO 2011. ABB Group of Companies Although no incidents related to electrical hazards hav e been reported in any major event, there is always the potential of electricity causing death to workers, participants or members of the public due to the temporary nature of some installations. The supply of electricity may also present an issue in that lighting levels need to be maintained at an adequate level to help people evacuate. The IGEHO organizers had contracted the ABB Group of Companies to provide lighting at the event venue. This came from the need to provide generators in case of any power failure during the duration for the event. Table 1: Gantt chart giving the schedule of the event ACTIVITY SEPTEMBER OCTOBER NOVEMBER Week 1 2 3 4 1 2 3 4 1 2 3 4 Committee Training Legislation Marketing PR Event Event Evaluation Table 2. Explanation of the Gantt chart Time Frame Schedule of Event Sep. Wk. 1-4 Formation of the committee, search for volunteers and hiring of staff Oct. W k. 1-2 Training of volunteers and staff who took part in the event Oct. Wk. 3-4 Procurement of the required licenses to ensure that the event complied with the Swiss law Oct. Wk. 2- Nov. Wk. 2 The four weeks were devoted to marketing and PR in the countries where participants were drawn from. Nov. Wk. 3 The date for the event Nov. Wk 4 Various committees’ hand in their reports for the event. The reports highlighted the challenges that every team met and gave recommendations of how this could be mitigated for an effective hosting of IGEHO 2012 Conclusion and Recommendations This paper has presented the findings of a study about the dimensions of event management and event marketing. This has been done by reviewing the literature for event management and event marketing and approaches of how this was applied in IGEHO. While most of the literature focuses on the entire event management, this paper focuses on the logistics of event management named ticketing, transport ation, human resources (volunteers and trained staff), budgeting, marketing and PR and risk management. The study illustrates that the event management logistics in the literature had been applied in to the 2011 edition of IGEHO organization and the event was successfully managed and marketed. The organization owners and the exhibitors have reached their objective and reached the number of people targeted. Recommendations Although most of the objectives for the event were realized, the report recommends the following for successful staging of future IGEHO events:- The planning committee should be formed early in advance to ensure that adequate time is accorded to the planning process The marketing and PR campaigns should run for a longer time to ensure that the participants surpass the 80,000 mark that the event organizers always target. The event organizers should pay more attention to the issue of public health and safety risks that are inherent in mass gatherings and how to mana ge those risks when planning for the next event since this was not handled properly in the previous event. References Allen, J. (2010) Event Planning Ethics and Etiquette: A Principled Approach to the Business of Special Event Management. New York, Wiley. Anderson, J. (2004) Teamwork: Interactive Tasks to Get Students Talking. New York, Delta. Andersson, M. and Wesslau, A. (2000). Organizing for Event Marketing in Order to Change Brand Image and Increase Sales. International Management Master Thesis, 16(2), 19-20. Berridge, G. (2007). Events Design and Experience, Events Management Series. Elsevier. Butterworth, S. and Rukavina, V. (2002). The Event Sponsorship. New York, Wiley. Cherubini, S. and Iasevoli, G. (2007). Marketing Trend in Europe Conference. Paris. Getz, D. (2007) Event Studies: Theory, Research and Policy for Planned Events. London, Oxford. IGEHO. (2011) Trendsetting in the Hotel Industry. Igeho 2011. [Online] Web. Masterman, G. (2004). Strategic Sports Event Manageme nt. Butterworth-Heinemann, Oxford. Silvers, J. (2008). Risk Management for Meetings and Events. Burlington, Butterworth-Heinemann. Tassiopoulos, D. (2005). Event Management: A Professional and Developmental Approach. Lansdowne, Juta Academic. Wagen, L. (2005). Event Management: For Tourism, Cultural, Business and Sporting  Events. Perth, Pearson Education. Wagen, L. (2007). Human Resource Management for Events; Managing the Event  Workforce. Burlington, Butterworth-Heinemann.

Theater Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Theater - Essay Example Personally, I believe there are universal events, emotions and perceptions among people around the world regardless of race, religion, status or gender. Everybody is born, everybody dies, everybody needs to be loved, and to love. These are just a few of the human experiences that are common to men and which are usually portrayed in theaters, bringing to life what some might run away from, get obsessed with or would not just mind at all. In such cases, the theater can serve as an encouragement for me at times I am undergoing sufferings and think that I am not able to rise from a sorry state; or an awakening call when I am bound to engage in things that are morally unacceptable. It could also call my attention when I do not involve myself so much with other people to have an awareness of what is going on; so that I can look for things or activities that I can deliberately improve to give my best performance in the stage am playing my part, and to do my part

Corporate Strategy Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words - 1

Corporate Strategy - Essay Example nd names and private label brands under the Next name, including a variety of menswear, womenswear, child-focused clothing and accessories, and limited houseware products. Next has captured the attention of its target market, which is generally the 18 to 40 year old markets, by providing moderately-priced, contemporary clothing and accessory products that are comparable to the higher quality and higher priced merchandise offered by many High Street stores in the United Kingdom. Next has, since 1999, focused strongly on its online sales division, NextDirect, which recently provided the business 44 percent of its total operating revenues (Next Plc 2012). The business is strategically positioned in terms of service quality excellence, which is supported by considerable capital investments into improving convenience and the home delivery service processes (Next Plc 2012). The business utilises a focused low-cost strategy which allows the organisation to dedicate its service and product-c entric resources to specific markets drawn to the trendy and fashionable merchandise offerings that cater to the younger, contemporary target markets. In a hyper-competitive retail environment, Next is able to outperform even High Street stores and long-standing retailer brands, such as Marks and Spencer, by effectively meeting the needs of a narrower market segment. Many of Next’s competitors, which include Zara, Marks and Spencer, Debenhams, New Look and Matalan (to name only a few), operate in highly competitive retail environments and seek to utilise broad differentiation strategies to create an effective market position in the minds of desired target consumers. The difficulty that many competitors face in this differentiation strategy is that many marketing tactics under this strategy are easy to replicate, with product quality and pricing no longer being viable methods of differentiation (Bennet and Rundle-Thiele 2004; Nandan 2005). However, many of these competitors cater to

Educational Memories Essay Example for Free

Educational Memories Essay I first came into Wakefield City High School on September 1994. I had to go to the hall for an assembly. I was nervous I didnt know anyone. There was no one else from my old school just me. I was sat down feeling nervous in the assembly just then the head of lower school called out my name. They decided which tutor group I should go to Mrs Elliss classroom. I made a few friends in my class Tariq, Ajmal, Safdar and Zulfiqar. At first we all used to have the same timetable and I would ask them which lessons we would have next and which room the lesson would be held. But then gradually we were put into different groups meaning different timetable. Most of the teachers didnt like us. In maths we would look in the back of textbooks for answers that would be in are maths work. In science we made a mess of all the experiments. I broke three beakers and two test tubes, once I squirted hydrochloric acid at the black board the mark is still there. My music teacher liked me because I was good at the essays and minor music tests. I scored a high mark in the music exam but I was awful at playing music. I blew up the keyboard adapter. We would throw water balloons at everyone in the winter and set of bangers at bonfire week. In food technology the teacher hated are cooking we never cleaned up after we had finished. In art we used to draw pictures on are art folders even though she told us not to draw on them. We would draw a picture of a liver floating in a swimming pool and write next to it Liver+pool FC. My art teacher was Austrian and she would were these big black German boots and walk very disciplined like a solider. I thought she was related Adolph Hitler. In D+T resistant materials we had a teacher called Mr Taylor. Mr Taylor was tall and was a very moody person. When he was drunk he was alright. But when he was sober he was on a short fuse. He would never repeat himself. If anyone in the class asked, sir what was the question I didnt understand it sir he would start shouting and tell you to just do your work. He was tall skinny and atleast 30 years old. He would wear a white shirt with black pants. His hair had a lot of gel on it and his sideburns were completely shaved of. He always thought he was cool so he always brushed the side of his hair back. He never use to send students to isolation but he sent me because I was outside the school uniform by wearing white trainers. Whenever he explained to the whole class the work, what we had to do. I always fell asleep. So I always washed my face before entering the classroom. If you did anything wrong he would give dirty look and make you look like an idiot as though you are stupid and not clever. In the last two years all the teachers started getting on with me. I started doing well in my science and D+T. I got a high score in my science modular tests and I was predicted a c in my final G. C. S. E exam. In D+T I got a c for my coursework in G. C. S. E project Table. In my final two years at school Mr Taylor would not talk about work in D+T because we know what we had to do finish the design work. Instead Mr Taylor what talk about general interests and all kinds of things that he heard on the news saw in the papers or saw on TV. Most of al this talk was irrelevant but it was just to keep us company while we were working in the workshop and in the classroom. He would even put the radio on in the workshop and we would often have debates. He would view us as engineers including himself, which he was and he viewed the common man as underpaid labourers. He told us about his last job that he would operate a machine. He would just set the material on the machine and program the machine, then he would let the labourer do all the moving and lifting basically the heavy work. He said all this with confidence thinking non-of us would become a labourer, he thought we would all do well with his help D+T. He developed a relationship, which went from student and teacher to colleagues, and everyone knew what to do. We developed confidence in the workshop. I would use the sander and go into the store cupboard looking for whatever I needed to assemble the project. I would use all the machines, tools and equipment in my surrounding. Show preview only The above preview is unformatted text This student written piece of work is one of many that can be found in our GCSE Mildred Taylor section.

Occupational Therapy Essay -- essays research papers fc

An occupational therapist is a trained and licensed health care professional who can make a complete evaluation of the impact of disease on the activities of the patient at home and in work situations. Hobbies and recreational activities are considered when an assessment is made. The most generally accepted definition of occupational therapy is that it is an activity, physical or mental, that aids in a patient’s recovery from disease or injury.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  The Occupational therapist takes a history from the patient by conducting a thorough interview. Questions are asked about hygiene, eating, dressing, getting in and out of bed, driving, cleaning, working and the patients sex life. A physical examination is conducted extensively concentrating on range of motion. Observations of deformities are noted because they may hinder the performance of the patient. The therapist assesses the need for splints or supports which might benefit the patient and helps design specific assistive devices.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã¢â‚¬Å"It is the job of the occupational therapist to innovate plans to overcome the imposed limitations while helping the patient reduce strain and prevent further damage by teaching techniques that conserve energy† (Sasser 75). There are numerous ways to make daily living easier. The most crucial part of therapy is assessing the patient’s environment. All the people, cultural conditions and physical objects that are around them, create their environment. The behavior and development of people is a direct result of the interaction between them and their surroundings. A patient’s behavior is greatly effected when they are mismatched with their environment. â€Å"A persons environment match is present when the persons level of competence matches the demands of the environment† (Cole 75). Full participation by the patient is required to make it practicable. The importance of occupational therapy is to help the patient use what they have to the fullest. Therapists know that in this particular field there will not be a dramatic improvement, but there will be a better quality of life lived by the patient. In today’s world, it is extremely important to keep accurate records on all aspects of care giving. According to Sladyk, â€Å"Documentation is one of the most important duties an occupational therapist can have aside from treating the patient† (1... ...ing, organizing, analyzing, generating, integrating and evaluating. It is essential that as occupational therapy students we become self-determining, independent thinkers. Technical writing skills will be used throughout our career. Mastering technical writing will come with practice and will prove to be one of the most instrumental elements we have learned in our curriculum. Works Cited Aquaviva, J.D. Effective Documentation for Occupational Therapy. Bethesda, MD: American Occupational Therapy Association, 1992. Early, M.B. Mental Health Concepts and Techniques for the Occupational Therapist Assistant. 2nd ed. New York, NY: Raven Press, 1993. Markell, Mike. Technical Communication: Situations and Strategies. 5th ed. Boston, MA: Bedford/St. Martin’s Press, 1998. Okeema, Kathleen. Cognition and Perception in Occupational Therapy. Gaithsburg, MD: Aspen Publishing, 1993. Reed, K.L. Quick Reference to Occupational Therapy. Gaithersburg, MD: Aspen Publications, 1991. Sasser, Martha. The Practice of Occupational Therapy. 2nd ed. St. Louis, MO: Mosby- Year Book, Inc, 1998. Sladyk, Karen. OT Student Primer: A Guide to College Success. Thorofare, NJ: SLACK Incorporated, 1997.

Philosophy of Education Essay

The word â€Å"teacher† does the profession no service. A teacher is really a combination of the most important professions in the world. Besides the parents, an educator is the biggest influence in a child’s life. The age span in which children are in school is the most impressionable years of their lives. A student’s educational experience can mold the events of his or her future. That is why I want to become a teacher. I want to be a mold for younger generations, and I hope for students to remember a knowledgeable and ethical teacher. Beliefs I feel the student should come to school willing to learn and the teacher should come ready to teach! The student’s role is just as important as the teachers; the student’s expectations of the teacher should be for her to teach and help them learn at all times. Teachers also play an important role in the classroom when it comes to the environment. If the teacher prepares a warm, happy environment, students are more likely to be happy. An environment set by the teacher can be either good or bad. If students feel the teacher is angry, students may react badly to that and therefore learning can be harder. I think teachers are responsible for the social behavior in their classrooms. This behavior is primarily a reflection of the teacher’s actions and the environment he/she sets. Metaphysics We are all here for a purpose and I believe that, that is to live for God and follow his way of life. It is hard to know what you are really on earth for until you find it through him! Some teachers will find it hard to keep the focus on the classroom do to all the other outside distractions but, I strongly believe that is you were meant to be a teacher then you will find a way to look past the bad and find the good. Why am I here? I think I am here to help children follow their dreams and make it through school easier than I did. When I become a teacher I want to be the best ever! I want to see that smile on the kids’ faces after I teach them something amazing. Progressivism I want to teach from some aspects of the progressivism style which focuses on respect for individuality, high regard for science, and learning from experience. I want to teach the children in my classroom to have respect for each other. This is a quality that will help them to be successful in society because if they respect others, then others will have respect for them. Having respect for others also shows that they have respect for themselves. I also want children to learn by hands-on activities. I will direct them from step to step and demonstrate how to do each step in the activities they perform. These activities make learning more interesting for the children because the children are able to get involved instead of just always watching the teacher do everything. Speaking of the children getting involved, they can really get involved when learning in a different atmosphere when on field trips. I feel taking children on field trips is an effective learning experience for them because it allows children to get out of the classroom setting and learn from a different perspective. In addition I want to focus on sciences because they are an important area in the knowledge of children. I think this growing area of our society should be focused on thoroughly because science advances and improves every day and I feel children should be aware of their changing world. Constructivism I feel like this is the main reason why I should teach and why I want to teach, I have learned so much though school and it has molded me to become who I am today. I learn a lot through experience and what I know will make me a better teacher it will help me relate to the ones that hate school or the ones that think they can’t do it. It’s all a process and the way you take the steps is how I think you will show others so you have to help them with their process and make sure that it doesn’t go bad or in the wrong direction. I plan to continue my education so that I may make teaching my profession. After graduation, I hope to find a position in an elementary school teaching in one of the first through sixth grade classes. I feel that elementary education is extremely important because it is here that children establish their foundation for the rest of the educational career. My goal and desires are to have the opportunity to touch a child’s life.